The term PFAS describes a CLASS of compounds with remarkable properties. Basically, chemists substituted fluorine molecules for hydrogen on long chains of carbon, resulting in material that repels both water and lipids. The original compounds in use (PFOA and PFOA) are no longer in use since industrial exposures were linked to birth defects in employees and other toxic effects. The "next generation" compounds have shorter chains, with the idea that they would be excreted quickly if ingested and be less toxic, but unfortunately they were found to accumulate in animal and human organs. ALL OF US has some of these "forever chemicals" in our system.
PFAS compounds have endocrine disrupting properties (they are EDC's). Studies have revealed a link between intrauterine and early life exposure to PFAS compounds and increased disease risk for developmental delays in childhood. In addition, their physiologic effects are associated with later-onset hormone imbalance, chronic kidney disease, obesity, immune dysregulation, and some cancers. Especially concerning is the fact that, by weight, bottle fed infants using PFAS-contaminated water to dilute the formula have the highest exposure levels.
Over the last 5 years, active research on their toxicity led to lowering of the acceptable level in water supplies from 70 to 20 ppt (that's part per TRILLION!), and many believe that it should be even lower.
Municipal water supplies are monitored, and PSR Maine presented testimony at April hearings to promote expanded access to well water testing by low income residents (LD 1006), and to require landlords to notify renters if the water source for a property exceeds the state limit (LD 1488). These are both common sense proposals that promote some degree of environmental justice in this one specific area.
Stay tuned! We will let you know when to contact your legislator!